Charles H. Blinn Civil War Diary, 1862-1864 tranScriptorium TRP document creator: chris.burns@uvm.edu

dgg ma WILBUR COLLECTION UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT LIBRARY

Private, Diary of, Chas. H. Blinn. Co. A. 1st Vermont. Cav. From. Nov, 19th 1862, to, May 2d 1864, No 2

(1) Nov. 19th 1862. - Rutland & Burlington Rail Road Depot. Burlington. Vt - Nov. 19th '62 Having spent a few days very pleasantly at home I am to start again for the "enemy south" to put in a year or two more for Uncle Samuel among the barren Wastes of the "Old Dominion". Private J. B. Atchinson staid with me last night and with me leaves this evening for Washington D. C. Father brought us up to the Depot in his best buggy. Charlie Duncan has just bidden me an affectionate "Farewell" Misses. Martha Carpenter & Rose Fountain with Sister

(2) Eliza came down from Winooski last evening to bid us "Good Bye" During my short stay at home I have formed many new acquaintances and had a very good time generally, so much so that I return perfectly satisfied with my short visit to the land of cloud capped hills & Wooden Nutmegs. - 11. o'ck. The train is ready to move and having bidden the last man. (U. E. Brown) Good Bye. We are off. Middlebury Vt. 1. o'ck P. M. It is raining quite hard and has been all day. This anciant & honorable town looks quite natural. Troy N. Y. 6 o'ck. P.M. We arrived at this place at 1/2 past 4. o'ck this afternoon and are stopping at the "American" Hotel

(3) We leave at 7. o'ck. for New. York via. the Hudson River Boat. - Nov. 20th On board Steamer "Francis Skiddy" Hudson River. Owing to a dense fog which came up last evening we were obliged to lay to. until this evening and find ourselves only thirty miles from Troy. We have learned that we shall not arrive in N. Y. until 4 - o'ck this P.M. Had a very good breakfast on board the Steamer this morning - The "Francis. Skiddy" is one of the finest boats on the river and I think the finest I ever rode on Blinn & I had a berth last night and enjoyed a very good night's rest. The Steamers. Isaac Newton & Rip Van Winkle have

(4) just passed us bound for Troy & Albany. 9. o'ck. A.M. We have just passed the lovely city of Poukeepsie [Poughkeepsie] on the left. a. very pretty place. - The Steamer, C. Vander-built (one of the steamers which conveyed the prisoners from Akins Landing Va to Annapolis Md. on the 13th of Sept. last) has first passed. We have first passed the city of Newburgh 60. miles from New York - We are moving at the rate of 15 miles an hour. and shall soon see the spires of the "Empire City." Passing. West Point I had a fine view of the "Institution" from which many of our ablest Generals graduated It stands on a high hill & has a commanding view of

(5) the river &c &c. Two large batteries are well posted near by on a hill. 3. P.M. I have been down in the cabin enjoying a social game of Euchre with Blinn, A. myself and two students from Fort Edward. 3 1/2 o'ck. Have just struck the wharf at Pier No 23. East River, and having had a fine trip & good time we bid Farewell to the "Francis Skiddy" & Hudson River. Evening. #102. Centre Street - J.B.A. & myself had quite a tramp around town to "see the sights" - and have concluded to stop here for the night. We are very comfortably situated. - Procured Transportation at No. 6. State Street

(6) Nov.r 21st 1862. - New-York. Remains. "In Statu Quo" as it was when last we walked along its paved streets gazing at the glittering sights and charming views in many a show window - We attended Barnums Museum Entertainment last eve and also the grand serinade [serenade] to Gen- McClellin [McClellan] at the "Fifth Avenue" Hotel - Every thing passed off very fine and we were all satisfied - Jersey City N. J. 10. o'ck A. M. We again find ourselves in the little loyal state of New- Jersey and in the same city where we met with such a flattering reception while passing thro' here in December '61 - We leave here at 11 o'ck Via the Camden & Amboy. R. R. to Philadelphia

(7) Philadelphia. Pa. 2 o'ck P. M. - 21st We have just arrived in the Quaker City where we wait until 5. O'CK for a train going to Baltimore - On our way from New York we passed thro' several beautiful cities, Princeton, Burlington, Trenton Camden, Amboy, &c. &c. This is my first visit to Phil. and I like the city very much. Street cars are without number, and everything seems to move like clock work, Blinn & I procured a hack and rode around about the numerous public places in the city. Visiting Girard Colledge Laural Hill &c.&c. It has rained more or less since Tuesday last & makes it quite un-pleasant The roads are quite muddy and not much of a crowd are out - Took supper at the "Continental"

(8) November 22d 1862 Baltimore Md. 3. o'ck A. M. - We have just arrived in the Monumental City, and after a diligent search have found the Washington Depot, and learn that no train leaves until 1/2 past 4. A'M. We therefore make a bed a-la - soldier on the platform and retire for a sleep, 4. o'ck On awaking just now the first man I saw was. Capt. Erhardt. of our Co. on his way to the Regiment. He was right glad to see us and chatted very socially. - Washington D. C. 8. o'ck A. M. At last we have arrived in Washington. and having procured proper passes from Gen Casey's Hd. Q'rs [headquarters] we are en- route for the Long Bridge, across

9 which we must pass to join our Regiment not at Fort. Scott Va Took breakfast at "Central Market" on Louisiana Avenue. Camp. Near Fort Scott Va Safe in camp at last. Found the boys all well. Had a long talk with Lieut's Morse & Edwards. All in a tent with Jno Bain from Burlington. The new horses for the Regt have not yet arr- ived and are not expected for- ived some Weeks yet. Fort Scott is one of the chain of Forts around Washington in the south bank of the Potomac and commands the road to Long Bridge. It is a very formidable work; was built in 1861 - and is at present garrisoned by a Penn. Regt -

10 Sunday Nov. 23 - Have to day been buisy writing several letters home The weather is quite cold & the wind blows very strong. Nov 24th - Weather more moderate & sun shining quite warm I gathered several flowers near here today & sent them in a letter to Miss R. S. Fountain Tim of Co. "A" went to Drain- sville Loudon Co. to day. - A De- tatchment of our Regt are doing picket at that place - The Burlington Free Press of the 20th arrived in camp to day - contains the names of Commissioned officers elected in Co "M" - (one of the even Cos' now be recruited in Burlington) Jno. W. Woodward Son of our Ch

11 Chaplain is elected Capt of the Co. & the Lieut's are Both of the name of Chase & I think Brothers, Nov. 25th 1862 I have been out on a long ride to day. And vis- ited in turn the camps of the 12th R. I. 25th Mass, 17th Conn. & 10th New Hampshire Regts near Fairfax Seminary 2 1/2 miles from Alexandria. Returning I visited Fort Lyon and the 2d Vt Brigade. I took dinner with Sgt Geo. Stevens & Capt W. D. Munson Co. D. 13th Vt Regt I also attended the funeral of a soldier of the 34th Mass Vol's. He was buryied with Military honors near Fort Lyon. Saw Cousin Jo. Austin of the 12th Regt at work in the trenches around the Fort -

12 Nov. 26th 1862 The Weather is - to day - cold & Windy. New horses from Vt arived in camp last evening. Have written several letters during the day. - Our tents are not as comfortable as last winter. We have only the small A. tent and no stoves, excepting some of our own invention and it is a dreary camp indeed - Nov 27th Weather somewhat warmer - A Detatchment of 150 men are to leave here tomorrow for the Front. Nearly the whole Regt are now doing picket duty at Annandale Lewinsville Vienna Drainsville &c - The duty is very hard as the details are so heavy that the boys are in picket every third nights & are fired upon at that -

13 Nov. 28th 1862 - The weather is still moderating and to day the sun shines quite warm - 150 men left here this morning for Annandale 8 miles from Alex- andria - Capt Erhardt & Lt E.B. Edwards were in command of the Detatchment. Brother Hodd of the "L" Co. was one of the no. who went out - I have written sev- eral letters this eve - November 30th 1862 - Sunday - Eve - Have been engaged part of the day in writing letters, In the morning I attended church at Alexandria Weather Warm and quite pleasant - Am going over to Washington - To- morrow -

14 Washington, D.C. Dec 2d - Came over here on the 1st & am stopping at "Willards" Hotel I spent some two hours yes- terday at the "Smithsonian" Institute one [of] the first public buildings in America. Here - retired from the more stirring scenes of Soldier life, man can send [spend] an hour pleasantly - feasting his eyes on natural and mineral curiosities, On the inventions and pictures of a whole world. Even the islands of the ocean are here rep- resented with many a relic and emblem. Here man can see every reptile from a Frog to an Alligator, Every beast from a Rabbit to a Polar Bear. Every species of Birds from a Humming Bird to a South American Condor.

15 Every thing manufactory from, a sheet of Paper to a mowing machine. Relics & Paintings from Foreign Countries. Landscape & views from the Far west, Marble & bronze Statues & Stat- uettes, & last but not least of all the large & splendid Library. December 3d - Attended Congress to-day. also paid a visit to the House of Representatives. In congress I listned to several speeches by. Senators. Wilson & Sumner of Mass - Collamer of Vt & Saulsbury of Delaware, - Shall return to camp to night. - Near Fort Scott, Va Dec 4th 1862. To. day is the day appointed by the Gov. of Vt as a day of Thanksgiving & Prayer. - I Rec'd several letters from friends at home last evening - The weather continues

16. very fine - Five more of Co. "A." went to the front to day - . Decr 6th. 1862 - Snow one & a half inches deep this morning. Weather cold and clear - Evening! The moon is shining bright and the stars are out in vast numbers. I have written several letters this evening. Three more of C "A" went out to day. Only three more are left in camp on duty - Cousin C.B. Aubrey of Burlington - a paper Boy in the army of the Potomac and who has been three weeks in Richmond is now stopping with me on a visit December 7th 1862 Sunday. The Weather to day is clear & cold. Snow still on the ground Have been engaged part of the day in writing answers to several letters, from friends at home & elsewhere -

17. Dec. 9th 1862 Rec'd several letters from home last evening. Papers to day contain highly important news The Banks Expedition has sailed from New York for the South. &c &c. Dec. 10th - Visited the Senate in session to day, Weather fine - No im- portant news. Maj. Wm D. Collins is at present in command of the Regt. Col. E.B. Sawyer having been dismissed the service by order of the President, - Charges - Incompetency as a com- mander. Col. Sawyer was our Fourth Col. Two others having resigned and one committed suicide, during our campaign in the Shenandoah Valley. We have certainly been unlucky in drawing Col's.

18. Dec. 11th 1862 Have been to Washington, for horses which arrived yesterday from Vermont. Report says the paroled Prisoners have been exchanged and will be ordered on duty to-morrow. Private Geo. Weber - Arrived in camp to, day. direct from Vermont. The. Senate this day passed the bill declaring West. Virginia a separate state - Dec. 13th 1862 Weather fine. I was ordered on duty yesterday as were also all the paroled prisoners of the Regt - Drew a fine looking Black horse, which I have given the name of "Jamel," also new saddle Bridle & Equipment. Lt. C. W. Morse is in command of the Co. in Camp. - I expect in a day or two to go to the front.

19. Privates of S. E Woolcott Jas. Kelley & Jos. H. Adams were this day promoted to Corpl's and Private J. B. Atchinson to Sgt - in Co. "A" - Our Co. Now is well set out in non-commissioned. staff. (over the left) Dec. 14th 1862 Sunday: Attended Divine Service this afternoon. Services conducted by Chaplain Woodward Who by the way is one of the finest Chaplains this army can boast of. I am to day acting as orderly for Maj. Wm D. Collins. A Great battle is going on at Fredericksburgh Major Gen. Burnside crossed the Rappahannock. - after a fierce cannonading, and shelling the city with over one hundred & fifty guns at one time -

20. Dec. 16th '62 Weather cold and windy with a slight rain. Gen Burnside has met with a disastrous defeat and is retreating back to his old camp on this side of the river - Dec. 18th 62 I was very severly [sic] bruised to day by being kicked by a horse on my right knee - I am unable to walk without great difficulty and am excused from all duty by Surgeon Gale Have been engaged in writing several letters this P. M. The Weather is quite cold and windy. It is reported that Col. Sawyer has been reinstated and is soon to resume command of the Regt much to the disgust and very great dis- pleasure of all save his old Co.

21. Dec. 23d 1862 Col. E. B. Sawyer has returned and took command of the Regt to day. Among his first orders were one reducing Sgt Major. H. D. Smith and Sgt H. O Wheeler (Co "A") to the ranks for slanderous language against him after his dismissal. Orderly Sgt W. Gibbs left here to day for home on a furlough. My knee is much better and I am able to hobble about camp and am on duty. Dec. 25th 1863 - For a christmas Holiday. I have been engaged washing my clothes. I changed tents to day and am now tenting with Sgt R. G. Barber. We have a fine time. Good cook stove in the tent and every thing lovely. & the Goose hangs high

22. New. Year.'s day, January 1st 1863 Every thing quiet in camp. - Another long year has passed into eternity and still we live on Many a long day of the past year I have spent happily and many very very gloomily - The four long months in Rebeldom are cemented in the past year a's is also a happy 3 weeks at home among "scenes that are brightest." and the dear familiar friends of early happy days - Schoolmates, classmates, associates Companions &c &c. Alas, how time flies - only 19 months more and the 1st Vt will bid Uncle Saml good bye. and clear the way for others who shall follow on and whose bones shall bleach among the pine forests of Disloyal Virginia - (New. Year Review) -

23. January 3d 1863 - Camp near Ft. Scott Va Have for several days past been engaged in making out the Company papers &c. Col. Sawyer is ruling with a Despots sway. The weather is very cold and unpleasant out of doors. - January 5th 1863 - Another detatchment of our Regt are to go out to-morrow and I am elected for a short season on picket. The weather being so bad at present I should much prefer to remain in camp - Most of the Co - are out and I think it unfair in me to remain longer in camp. I understand that the camp will soon be moved to Fairfax Court House Va It is raining quite hard at present

24 Drainsville Loudoun Co. Va January 7th 1863 - We arrived here at a late hour last night, having rode all day in a drenching rain and had nothing to eat since we left camp over twenty-four hours ago. Private A. Hall and myself went to work and put up an A. tent and laying down on the wet ground had a good rest. Have had breakfast consisting of Hard Bread and Coffee. - Have recieved orders to go back to Annandale where the balance of Co. "A" are on picket. Drainsville is a small town 25. miles from Washington D.C. up the river. The place is often frequented by Guerillas & Bush- whackers and our pickets are fired upon nearly every night. Major. Chas F. Taggart 2d Penn. Cavaly is at present in command of the post.

25 Annandale Fairfax Co. Va January 7th 1863 3. o'clock P.M. - Having perfor- med the march from Drain- sville to this place. we are now having a short rest. Most of Our "Co' ("A") are here and are enjoying life hugely. The picket line is in a semi-circle and the post are about 1/2 a mile apart. The boys have built Log houses at their posts and with good fire-places, and reading matter they pass off the time very pleasantly, Annandale is noted for - dilapidated houses - and secesh girls - The place is 9. miles from Alexandria. on the Aldie, Turnpike - Major Wm D. Collins of our Regiment is at present in command of the post.

26 - Post. No 13. Annandale Va January 8th 1863 - I have been assigned to this post commanded by Corp. S. E. Woolcott. The names of the boys here are Frank R. Macomber Chas Daniels, Alex. Hall. & Dan- Dixon. all "old boys" excepting Dixon who is a recruit and Came out this winter, He is how- ever a fine fellow and gets on very well. Rec'd a box from home to day containing all the delicicacies of the season. We are Two miles from Hd. Qrs. in the Woods. Have a log house and every thing com- fortable. Our duty is to stand on Post four hours out twenty- -four. bringing us in once in the day and once in the night. We have very good stables made for horses and every thing O. K.

27. Annandale. Va January. 17th 1863 - Sunday - The weather for a week past has been severely cold, but to day the sun shines quite warm - Every thing Quiet in Post. 13. - I have been down to Post No 11 - Commanded by. "Rig." Smith. Ferguson. and Weber are members of his staff. and as a general thing have on hand a good assortment of reading matter. Post. 13. Annandale. Feby. 4th 1863 - Rec'd Orders. to leave here to-morrow morning at day light. Co. "M" just out from Vt are to relieve us. The boys are all indignant about leaving their cozy. houses. and. good fire.-places. We are going back to. Drainsville, The force there is not strong enough. -

28. Drainsville Loudoun County. Va - February 5th 1863 - We were relieved at Annandale by Co. "M" at an early hour this morning. During our short. stay there we had a very pleasant time. I think Co. "A" can safely say they there put in as pleasant a month or two as they ever yet have in the army - We left there with sad and heavy hearts leaving behind many friends, and Fond memories, of Annandale will often return to our minds - Major Wm Wells of our Regt is at present in Command of the Post at this place. We occupy some log houses vacated by the 1st Mich. Cav. The pickets at this place are fired upon by Guerillas every night and standing picket here is very dangerous. I am on pick't to night on the Georgetown Turnpike -

29. February, 12th 1863 - The Paymaster has arrived in camp and is buisily engaged paying off. I had $5.50. de- ducted from my pay from transportation from New York to Baltimore Md. on my return from Vermont. Part of the detatchment doing duty here have been out on a reconnoisance to Ashby's Gap. Have just returned, captured a few prisoners and several horses Present tent mates. occu- pants of the Hotel "De Daniels". Privates G. Weber, O. B. Ferguson. J. Bushway [Bushaway] C. Daniels and Alex. Hall. - Capt. Erhardt is absent on Court Martial in Washington & Lieut Edwards is commanding the Co. I wrote a letter to - Div. No 89. Sons of Temperance last evening - .

30 Drainsville Loudon County. Va February 16 - 1863 - I had the misfortune while on picket yesterday to loose my pocket book containing $2250 Private Weber went about the Co. with a subscription list and soon obtained more than the lost sum for which to the members of Dear Co "A" I shall ever be under obligations - Private Weber is at present on parole. He, in Co. with Sergt Hogan & Privates. Dixon & Wright having been captured while on post on the Leesburgh pike - They were captured by Lieut Smith of the 4th Va or - "Black Horse." Cavalry. Capt. Joel R. Erhardt. our much respected commander had tendered his resignation, which has been accepted, and he is soon to bid us "good bye." Lt. Edwards will succeed him in Command.

31. Feb'y. 20th 1863 - Lieut Chas. H. Pixley. Co. "B" was drowned in Broad Run last evening. He was returning in command of a scouting party which had been to Leesburgh - Lt. Pixley was lately promoted from Q.M. Sergt He was a young man of good habits a very fine temper and was loved and respected by all who knew him, His body has been re- covered and will be sent home. A private of Co. I was also drowned, at the same time. February 24th 1863 Have received a pass to Was- hington, and in Co. with O. R. Ferguson; am going in this morning. The distance is Twenty- five miles and as it is quite cold we shall have a freezing time going in

32 "Arlington House" Washington D. C. Feby 25th 1863 Arrived here early in the afternoon yesterday. Attended the Theatre with Ferguson last evening. Saw Miss. Alice. Grey a very fine actress. Had some Cartes-de- Visited executed at "Whitehurst's" this morning. Camp. Near Fort Scott. Va Feby 26th '63 Am going. back to the Camp of small pox, and "big" secesh girls to day. Am stopping with Brother Horace. Co "L." who has been enjoying life in camp for several weeks. Orderly Gibbs and a few others of Co "A" are still remaining here. They hav'nt been to the front this Winter. much to their disgrace

33. Drainsville. Feby. 28th 1863 - Am on picket to day; Post: outpost of the Alexandria Pike. Sgt P. Hogan. left here for Vermont. yesterday. Weather Mild and pleasant. for. the month of Feby: - Capt's Huntoon (Co "H") and Woodward (Co "M") were surpr- ised and captured together with thirteen men from "H" & "M" Cos. near Aldie. Va yesterday. much blame is attached to Capt Huntoon. for failing to properly guard against surprise in the enemy's country It is rumored that he will be dis- missed the service. Capt Woodward fought bravely; was wounded & paroled. Capt. S. P. Rundlet [Rundlett], Co "E." has resigned and gone home, Lt. Cushman has been promoted to Capt.

34. Drainsville Loudoun Co. Va March 9th 1863 - I have just arrived in camp from off picket. Was on at Herndon's Station. five miles from camp. Herndon's Station is on the Leesburgh & Alexandria Loudoun & Hampshire R. R. - The force daily detailed for a picket at that place is Thirty men. Commanded by a Lieut. Lieut E.H. Higley Co. "K" was in command yesterday. Sgt Rufus G. Barber left here yesterday for Vermont on fur- lough. Weather very unsettled & a great quantity of Rain & mud. Drainsville, Va March 12th '63 Came off Picket to day. Was down at. Herndon's. Station I was detailed as orderly for Lieut McElwaine 1st Ohio Cav.

35. and had a splendid time. Took breakfast at Mr. Butlers near the Station. - Drainsville. Va March 14th 1863 - Weather quite cold with a strong north wind. Went out on a visit this morning - Saw. a very good looking young lady - Lieut Edwards has gone to Washington & Lieut Morse is in command of the company March. 16th 1863 - Have just returned from a tedious twenty-four hours on picket. Was on the outpost on the Leesburgh Pike. It snowed during the whole time I was on. Brig. Gen. Stoughton com- manding the 2d Vermont Brig. was captured by Moseby's Guerillas at Fairfax C.H. Va on the night of the 14th - He was taken in bed at midnight

36. Drainsville March 17th 1863 - Capt. Jno. S. Moseby the Guerilla- chieftain, has made another raid on our picket line at Herndon Station Va Capturing the following Officers. Major Wm Wells, 1st Vt Cav, Capt Sch- fild [Schofield] Co. "F." Lieut. Cheney Co. "C" and Lieut A. G. Watson Co "L." also twenty-four privates and non-commissioned officers - including the following from Co "A." Corp. M. Quinlan, Privates Lester Green H.C. Sweet H. E. Bliss. Sgt J Blinn Atchison was severely wounded and left on the post. I accompanied a scouting- party which was immediatly sent out commanded by Capt Steele 2d Penn. Cav. We proceeded to Aldie, and learning that we were to[o] far behind to succeed

37 in capturing the party we returned toward Fairfax. Sgt Phillips Co "C" - and myself. Captured a prisoner on the way. belonging to the 2d North Carolina Cav'y. I have his arms in my possession which I intend sending home - Drainsville Va March 24. Came off picket to day - Was on the River road with Corp. Smith. & Had a good time The boys captured a few days since have returned - on parole. The Officers have gone to. Richmond. Weather warm and pleasant, am going to the city Tomorrow. Washington D. C. March 25th '63 Left. Drainsville at an early hour this morning and have just arrived here. Am in on business and shall return to-morrow morning

38. Camp. Near Fort. Scott Va March 26th 1863 - Staid with A. Hall last night and am going to Drainsville this morning Drainsville Va March 28th Came off picket today. Was on the river road with Corp Langshore. Had a rough time as it rained all through the 24 hours Iwas [I was] on It is re- ported that we are to leave here to-morrow and fall back to Vienna. - Union Church Va March 30th 1863 - Left Drainsville Va and fell back to this place yesterday. The weather is fine We are encamped in a splendid grove. March 31st 1863 - A heavy storm of snow is falling

39. It is now over 5 inches deep on the level - I was detailed on picket to day but did not have to go on, The Head- Quarters of the Regiment have been removed to Fairfax C.H. and it is reported that we are also to go there. - Union Church Va April 1st 1863 - The Regiment was ordered out at 2 o'clock this mor- ning to proceed to Drainsville as it is reported that Moseby is there The morning is clear and cold with a strong north wind. I have nothing for break fast as we haven't as yet drawn rations for the next 5 days. Brother Hodd gave me some supper last evening. He is at present waiter

40. for Capt. H.C. Parsons Co. "L." - The snow is fast melting away and I think is the last we shall see until next winter. Evening: Our men found Moseby and his party just out of Drainsville near Broad Run. and had a sharp conflict resulting in the Killing, wounding, and Capturing of our entire party save a few, who were so for- tunate as to get away - Among the killed are Capt H. C. Flint Co "I." & Lieut Chas A. Woodbury Co "B" also. Privates Jno. Read Co "I." H. H. Bradley Co "A" & - Coburn Co "B." Lieut Grant of Co "I." was mortally wounded. The following from our company are missing - Corp'ls Kelley & Langshore, Privates Ferguson, Anson, Shatzel, Sherman,

41. Emery, Clark, Ralph, L.A. Taft M. S. Taft, Stowe [Stow], Moses & Wheeler. The bodies of Capt Flint & Lieut Woodbury have just been brought to camp. Much blame is attached to Capt Benn Co "G" for most disgracefully running away after Capt. Flint had made the attack. - It is thought that he will be dismissed the service in disgrace - A great gloom prevails in camp. over the loss of two as fine Officers as ever entered the service of their country. Only yesterday they joined in a game of Snow balls, and to night they lay stiff and cold in death. Our wounded have all been brought in. some eighteen in number. Lieut Sawyer of Co "B" is among the

42. missing. Union Church Va April 4th 1863 Privates Bradley and Coburn also Private Read were buried last night at Camp Griffin near Lewinsville Va - where the 1st Vermont Brigade was encamped last winter. I was one of the bearers for Bradleys corpse. Chaplain Woodward made some very impressive remarks at the grave. I have written a letter to the Burlington Free Press giving them an account of the late unfortunate & disgraceful affair. It is reported that we are to leave here tomorrow. Union Church Va April 5th 1863 - It appears that all the snow has not yet Fallen as it is now snowing quite hard, it is

43. nearly a foot deep on the level. the bodies of Capt Flint and Lieut Woodbury have been sent to Vermont. April 7th - 63 The weather is again quite warm and the snow is fast melting away. We are to move from here at 10 o'clock - Freedom Hill Fairfax Co. Va April 8th 63 We arrived here last eve - and pitched tents in a splen- did oak grove. Snow 6. inches deep in the woods. This place is six miles from Fairfax C.H. and Thirteen from Alexandria April 9th 1863 The boys are all very buisy stock-a-ding tents, as it is reported we are to remain here some time The weather is very fine, and as there are plenty of chestnut close by the boys consider the work a treat.

44. Freedom Hill Va Apr. 11th 63 Marching orders having been recieved last evening, the Regt (Excepting Cos D, I & L) left here this morning for Fairfax Court House. - The weather is very fine. We were relieved at this place by the Sixth Mich. Cav. - Fairfax Court House Va April 18th 1863 - Lieut. Edwin H. Higley was last evening dismissed the service of the United States. For Cowardice (as reported) in not att- acking Moseby at Herndon Station Va on the Evening of March 16th - Sgt Parker Co. "C." has been promoted to Sgt Major. We are now in the 3d Brigade of Gen. Stahels Cavalry Div. Commanded By Col O. De Forrest 5th New York Cavalry Regt -

45. Fairfax C.H. Va April 21st We have been on a reconnoisance to Warrenton Va Sixty Miles in twenty hours. Returned Sunday at 12 o'ck .P.M. We are encamped in an oak wood just in the rear of the Village. All are at work stockading tents - &c. Privates Weber & Greene (on parole) are in camp. Col. E.B. Sawyer is in Command of the Regt Letters from home state that my friend Mary C Doran was married a few days since to Henry W. Newton formerly a Lieut in the 5th Vt Vol's. but dismissed the service for leaving his command in the face of the enemy at the battle of Fredericksburgh. The weather is very fine and pleasant

46 Fairfax C.H. April 24th Co's. A. B. C. G, H, & I were ordered out to Difficult Run at midnight last night and we have just returned. The weather is very unpleasant as- it has rained for the last 24 hours, Provost Marshall. 3d Brig. Stahels Cav. May, 2d '63 The 2d & 3d Brigades retur- ned last evening from a scout to Aldie, Middleburgh, Salem White Plains, Rectertown &c. We were gone three days - Captured some forty prisoners Eighty horses &c &c. I have this day been detailed at these H'd Qr's. as one of the Provost Guard Lieut H. H. Hall of Co "E"

47. is Pro. Marshall of this Brigade and is as fine an officer as the 1st Vermont can produce. Sgt Geo. Miller of Co "L" is in Command of the guard - It is reported to-day the Gen Hooker has crossed the Rappahannock and a battle is now going on near Chancellorsville. Our Brigade are out on a scout to Warrenton. Weather splendid. Fairfax May 5th '63 Our Brigade was engaged at Warrenton Junction on the 3d and succeeded in routing Moseby Capturing over 30 prisoners. Our loss was two killed & fourteen wounded. Very favorable reports are coming in from Gen. Hooker. He has thus far captured over 2000 prisoners and report says "has Lee Cut off from Richmond

48 Fairfax May 17. 1863. Lieut Edwards has recieved official intelligence of the death of Private S. Moses at Annapolis Gen Hospital. He was one of the prisoners taken at Drainsville on the 1st of April. Hooker has been forced to retreat across the river to his old position - Weather rainy Pro. Mar. 3d Brig Cav. Every thing is passing off very pleasantly at these H'd Qr's. - I sent a box home yesterday containing. Blankets, Over coat &c Our Brigade are at present doing picket duty at Bristow Station. on the Orange & Alexandria R.R. Q.M. Sgt Caldwell has been promoted to a Lieutenantcy in Co "I" Lieut I. Grout

49. promoted to Captain. I wrote a letter (to be read at the Temperance Lodge (by Miss Rose P. Fountan.) to day. May 19th 1863. I have just returned from a visit to the 13th Vermont Regt at Occoquan. Saw all the Winooski Boys and had a good time. Wrote a letter to the Burlington "Free Press" to day. The weather is very fine Nearly all the boys have returned from Parole camp who were captured at Drainsville last April. Ferguson Langshore & Anson are home on furloughs. May 22d Exchanged boys all gone to front on duty. Maj. Gen Grant doing some hard fighting in the Southwest. Sunday May 31st 1863. I have this day attended the funeral of the lamented Major Steele 1st Va Cavalry Gen Stahel and staff were present. also the betrothed bride of the deceased.

50. Our boys had an engagement with Moseby yesterday. Cos. "C" & "H." capturing a brass howitzer Sgt Corey Co "H" was Killed in the engagement. June 1st 1863 Private Geo. Bliss Co. "B" was shot instantly dead this morning by the accidental discharge of a revolver in the hands of Geo. Austin - June 5th Major Robinson U.S.A. payed off the regiment to day Fairfax C.H. June 7th 63. Moved camp to day, to a neat, shady grve about a mile in the rear of the village. Col De Forrest has the neatest H'd Q'rs of any officer in the Division. We have new tents and on stock-ades they make a gay house. Capt J. W. Bennett Co. D. has been promoted to Major Lieut F. Ray Co. G. to Capt Capt Bennett has been in the Brigade Com. Dept for almost a year

51. Fairfax June 18th 1863 A. heavy storm of Rain and Hail is falling, the ground is covered with hail stones, some of them an eighth of an inch in diameter - The rebel army under Lee. Longstreet and Ewell has moved toward Mary- land and the army of Gen Hooker is closely persuing. stormy events are expected for two or three weeks to come Gen Sedgwicks, famous Corps (the 6th) is now in this vicinity I saw the "Old Vermont Brigade" to day. Found many acquaintances among others G. Kielam & W.H. Bowker of the 3d Cousins C. & H. Aubery of Burlington, H. Conro L. Woodward & T. Sharpley all of the old 2d The state militia of N. Y. and Penn. are rushing to arms and a great battle will undoubt- edly by fought on northern soil The rebels are reported already at -

52 Greencastle and Carlisle Penn. and Ewell is moving toward the state capital. Our Brig are in from the front and started on a reconnoisance last night. Wrote to the "Free Press" to day. Cherries and strawberries are ripe and there is almost abundance enough to supply the entire army Fairfax C.H. June 19th 63 Our Division has this day been trans- ferred to the army of the Potomac. All tents, and extra baggage has been turned over to the Quarter Master to be transported to Washington D.C. We are now in light marching order and ready for the field. This Div. has long been inactive and it is hoped we may find work to do. We have great confidence in Gen Stahel our commander Col. De Forest still commands the Brig. and under him we can meet any brigade of rebels in the army of Northern Virginia -

53. June 21st 63 - On the March near Gainsvile Va - encamped four miles from the above place for the night near a small place called Buckland - 22d As the town clock was striking twelve we entered the village of Warrenton One of Virginia's prettiest towns. Only last evening it was occupied by Gen Stuart of the Rebel Cav'y. he retreated on our approach thro' Thoroughfare Gap. where he was met and badly beaten by Gen- Pleasanton commanding the 1st Div of Cav. Gen P. drove him thro' Middleburgh, Upperville and into Ashby's Gap. - Eight wounded rebels found in this place were par- oled by Lieut H.H. Hall Pro. Marshal. Daybreak. 23d The bugle has sounded "to horse" and the column is again under motion

54 New. Baltimore. - noon. The Battery boys have just set on fore a tannery in full operation and it makes a good show - The leather was all Confiscated by Order Gen Stahel. We are return- ing toward Fairfax. Gainsville 2 o'clock P.M. Have halted for a rest and to draw rations. We are in a pretty wood just in sight of the town. Evening - Again on the move "No rest for the wicked." We are passing over the Old Bull Run Batle Field, now as famous as Waterloo, - 'Tis a terrible sight to behold thro the beautiful moonlight the bones of many brave soldiers protruding two [thro] the ground in many parts of the field. Passed Centreville at 10. oclock and arrived at Fairfax at 2. - are in an old camp - minus tents - awaiting further Orders. It is rumored

55. we start to-morrow for. "Maryland my Maryland" 6 o.clock June 22, 1863. Again moving out in the direction of Leesburgh. Bivouac near Drainsville June 23d Reported we are to cross at Edwards Ferry this A.M. - Bivouac near Monocacy Junction Maryland June 20th Came in here at dark last evening. It has rained all night mak- ing it very unpleasant. We passed thro' Poolesville at noon yesterday. Every- thing there looked very naturel - Bivouac at Crampton's Gap. So. Mountain Md. . June 27th This is the eventful spot where the Battle of So. Mountain was fought on the 14th day of september. last. Many a brave soldier lies sleeping in the quiet grave yard at Burkettsville just at the foot of the mountain. From this place one has a fine view of "Pleasant Valley."

56 which with its fields of tall waving corn and grain presents a striking appearance in comparison with the barren and desolate wastes of the "Old Dominion. In the distance is seen the handsome spires of Midd- letown. - On our march to day we passed thro' Adamstown and Jefferson. - at the former place a concurse [concourse] of young ladies stood in the street waving handkerchiefs and bidding us God speed - It seems like Civilization to see such sights. and nothing in the world is more cheering to the soldier than the sight of handsome young ladies a sight seldom if ever seen in Virginia this county. We are now on the direct road to Penn. and expect ere tomorrow's sun shall set that there will be work to be done. The evening is certainly splendid and lovely. it is now near midnight.

57 Frederick City Maryland June 28th Left Crampton's Gap at dark last eve. passing thro' the lovely little village of Middletown and arrived at this place at daybreak. We are encamped three miles out of the city. Gen Stahel has this day been relieved of his command by Brig. Gen Judson Kilpatrick, famous for has [his] great raid 'round Richmond Gen. Farnsworth, late Col. 8th Ill. Cav assumes command of our Brig relieving Col. De Forest, who returns to his regt. There has been a grand review to day by Gens. Stahel Kilpatrick Pleasanton, Custer, & Farnsworth, Gen. Custer takes command of the 2d Brig. relieving Gen. Copeland. The three brigades are consolidated into two. Ours being the 1st Brig. 3d Div Cavalry Corps Army of the Potomac

58. June 29th 1863. Left the city of Frederick at an early hour this morning and to night find ourselves in the old "Keystone" state. at the lovely village of Littlestown Adams Co. About fifty young ladies had assembled at the Union Hotel and as we entered the place sweet singing greeted our ears & mad [made] glad our hearts. The "Red, white & Blue," "Star spangled Banner" &c. were sung with great enthusiasm the chorus being joined in by hundreds of weary soldiers. May the fair ladies and good people of Littlestown long live in peace prosperity and happiness - June 30th Left Littlestown at daybreak this morning and soon entered the town of Hanover York County -

59. Here the ladies hand assembled at a market in the centre of the town and were distributing to the hungry soldiers eatibles of every description The Misses, with bouquets of sweet flowers were making impressions on the hearts of good looking soldiers & every thing "went merry as a marriage bell" "But hush! hark, a deep sound breaks out on the stillness of the morning air and too soon are we made aware that J.E.B. Stewert [Stuart] with his rebel legions are upon our now flying heels. The 18th Pa. Cav. Commanded by Col. Bryan was marching in the rear & at the first attack, broke & ran in wild confusion causing a momentary panic during which time Gen Farnsworth had wheeled the 1st Vt & 5th N.Y. into line and with lightning speed charged the rebel foe. driving

60 him in hot haste before us and capturing 42 prisoners among whom were Lt. Col. Paine of the 9th Va together with two Capts & & [sic] Two Lieuts a stand of Colors bel- -onging to the 2d North Carolina Cav. Adjutant Gaul 5th N.Y. Cav. was killed in the charge. Lt Hall - Pro Mar - had his horse shot also Lt C.P. Stone Division Ambulance Officers Evening. Fighting has continued all day and some twenty seven of our Div have been killed. My brother Horace is a prisoner. The enemy have retreated and the cannonading has ceased. We now hold the vill- age. and Genl Kilpatrick, Custer & Farnsworth have their H'd Q'rs at the Hotel. Lieut Hall has turned the prisoners (which we were guarding) over to Maj. Von- Vohers. Division Pro. Marshal.

61 July 1st 1863 - Left Hanover at noon to day, and passed thro' Abbotstown proceeded to within fifteen miles of Harrisburgh & returned to Berlin where we are now bivouaced for the night. We picked up about twenty stragglers from Ewell's army to-day. They were completely worn out and scarcely able to march. They say Ewell has gone to York. Gettysburgh, Penn July 2d Position - on the left of our army - - a great battle commenced here yesterday and nothing is heard but the roar of artillery & rattle of musketry min- gled with the groans of the dying We had a sharp fight this evening at Hunterstown. driving Stewerts [Stuart's] rebel Cavalry from the

62 field in great confusion. This fight occurred after dark and the lightning streaks from the canons and shell were were [sic] truly a terrific sight. The 5th and 6th Regt Michigan Cav. repulsed a whole brigade of Stewarts men. Killing & wounding 16. includ- ing 3 officers. Battle Field Gettysburgh Pa. July 3d 63 Our Brigade has fought all day - on the left holding a large force of infantry in check. A charge was made at three o'clock this P.M. by Our brig. assisted by the reg- ular brigade under Gen. Merritt. Gen. Farnsworth - our new and brave commander is killed among a host of others. Our Regt was badly cut up as was also the 1st Virginia which lost six Officers Capt H.C. Parsons, & Lt Cheney of

63. our regt were seriously wounded. Sgt Geo H. Duncan an intimate friend of mine was killed also Geo. Brownell of Colchester. Later. Capt. O. T. Cushman Co. "E." has an awful wound in the face the ball pass- ing across his face and under his nose, leaving a horrible mark for life. The charge was repulsed by the 1st Texas regt which was secreted behind a stone wall. - The rebels opened on us at two o'clock to day with the most furious cannonade ever put on record. Over a hundred guns were working at the same time. The Gallent Gen. Reynolds was killed on the 1st and Maj. Gen Sickly lost a leg. It is reported that we have over one thousand prisoners - and that Lee is retreating to the moun- -tains, in great haste

64 Battle Field. Gettysburgh Pa. July 4th 8 o.clock A.M. Not a cannon has been fired this mor- ning and Lee's whole army are on the retreat. Yesterday in endevoring to turn our right Le[e] lost over 5,000 prisoners, 150 guns were opened on our batteries at a given signal but all to no purpose. Soldiers who were present at the battle of Antietam and Melven [Malvern] Hill say that the cannonading at those places was but a salute compared with yesterdays and many General officers say that this has been the hardest battle of the war. Gen Meade has covered himself with glory & renown. The 2dVt Brig. attached to the 1st Corps. fought yesterday like Veterens commanding the higest [highest] praise from Gen Dou- bleday. This brigade is composed of nine month's men who never be-

65. fore were in a battle. The brigade was commanded by Brig General Stannard late col of the 9th Vt the Gen was slightly wounded in the fight. July 5th 1863. On the South Mountains Md. Our Div left the battle field at 3 o'clock yesterday to cut off part of the rebel trains and capture his artillery. While passing over the mountain last evening we came upon a rebel train just on top of the mountain. Kilpatrick charged into the rear. Capturing the gaurd [guard] over a thousand prisoners including Gen Jones. and burned over three miles of train, loaded with every kind of plunder from a woman's petticoat to a mowing machine Many of the boys procured a good new suit of new clothes from the train.

66 Being very weary and my horse having given out I concluded to get into the nearest barn & sleep if possible in my drenched clothes. for it had rained ever since we left Gettysburgh. Early next morning the lady of the house - a kind Union woman came and waked up all who were in the barn and warned us that the rebels were on picket just a few rods off. This was at the small town of Monteray just on top of the mountain We proceeded half way down the mountain on the road to Emmitsburgh and were halted by a citizen who conveyed to us the pleasing (?) intelligence that the rebels held the city in force and our only hopes were to hide on the mountain until our Cavalry should come in and drive them out. This we did &

67. the Kind people - never to be for- gotten brought us every thing we desired to eat. until toward evening a farmer saddled his horse and riding to the city found that the Rebel Cav. had left and Col. McIntosh Commanding a brig of Greggs Cav. held the place. Soon a detatchment of the 3d Penn. Cav. came up the mountain scouting and picked us up. On arriving at Emmitsburgh we found Maj. Von Vohers of the 18th Pa. Cav Commanding Div'n Pro. Gaurd [Guard] with whom we met a hearty welcome. and have great reason that we were not found by the "Hill hounds" who were here not 6 hours ago. I am particularly thankful to Mr. Coffin living on the mountain who aiding in secreting several of us endangered his

68. own life. Middletown Maryland July 9th Left Emmitsburgh yesterday and came to this place. The whole army are moving thro' here in the direction of Hagerstown. where the rebel army are throwing up earth works - Saw Cousin C. B. Aubery to day he is "paper boy" for the 2d Div 1st Corps. Am at present stopping in a barn just out of the city. Frederick City Md July 10th 1863. Left Middletown this morning and to night and comfortably situated at this place I have turned over my black horse "Frank" and am to draw another tomorrow I like this place very much and think it one of the lovliest villages of the county. I went out to day and say [saw] a spy hung just out

69. of the city. He was caught just after the Great battle and had maps & full information concer- ning the trains of this vast army He was hung by order of Gen Buford Commanding 1st Div Cav. Corps. Boonsboro, Md July 11th Left Frederick City last evening and marched all night with the train. A heavy fight came of a few miles from here last evening in which the Vt Brig. of the 6th Corps were hotly engaged Col. Stoughton 4th Vt Vol's was badly wounded loosing an eye. Our Cav. were also engaged near Hagerstown and lost very heavily Capt. J.W. Woodward Co. "M" was killed. The rebels now hold Hagerstown Evening: Am with my regt in line of battle near Hagerstown. In the fight of the

70 6th our loss was very heavy Lieut's Caldwell Co "I" & Stewart Co "G" were wounded. Private Bliss of my Co was mortally wounded and Privates Smith Wait H. Farns- worth & Sweet taken prisoners. July 13th 1863 Hagerstown Maryland. Our troops to day occupy this city. Lee has crossed the river (& escaped with the greater part of his army) at Williamsport & Falling Waters Kilpatrick had a sharp fight at the latter place Capturing Lee's Rear gaurd 700 men 1 stand of colors and one piece of artillery. Many of our men wounded on the 6th were found in houses at Williamsport together with a large No. of wounded rebels Between Hagerstown & this place (Falling waters) I counted in the main road thirty one dead horses. -

71. "Bivouac" at Falling Waters July 14th 1863 Rebels all across the Potomac including trains, artillery, &c and no battle has yet been fought many officers censure Meade for not attacking Lee before Hagerstown. Boonsboro July 15th Came to this place from Falling Waters to day It is reported that we are to go to Berlin Md. to recruit our horses &c. I noticed no changes on the road to day, and from Williamsport to Hagerstown the road is strewn with arms of every description. Ammunition &c &c. Took dinner at the Franklin House in Hager- stown today. Our wounded are mostly at the "Washington" House and very well cared for by the Kind ladies of the city Chaplain Woodward is endevoring to procure his son's body body

72 Harpers Ferry Virginia July 17th 1863. We crossed the river on a ponton [pontoon] at this place shortly after dark last evening. Marched from Boonsboro. Passed on the road the 10th Vt Regt in which I saw several old school mates. O.B. Read A. Scott &c.&c. Harpers Ferry is as it was 15 months since. when our regt crossed here The scenery at this time of year is most touchingly beautiful and I think this is far the most romantic place I ever saw. Slept last night in an old ambrotype saloon, found unocu pied. in the street. July 18th 1863. "Bivouac" near Purcellville, 9 miles from Snickers Gap. Va Marched from Harpers Ferry to this place yesterday The trains of the Div. have come up and it

73 is reported we are to remain here several days. I hardly think we will. I went out this afternoon & picked two quarts of Black-berries in ten minutes. I never saw so many as were gathered in the same field in less than an hour. The ground was literally black with them. Upperville Va July 19th 1863. Arrived at this place last evening having marched nearly all day from Purcellville. - We are "bivoua- ced in a neat wood 3. miles from Ashby's Gap. Our Regt was ordered back to Snickers Gap to relieve the 18th Pa Left Upperville at 4 o'ck P.M. on the 22d in the direction of Manassus Gap. Biv. 8 miles from the Gap July 23d are going on across the Rappahannock to-morrow morning

74 Amosville Va July 24th 1863 The Michigan Brig. Commanded by the Gallant Custer have had a hard fight near this place today. Our Brig. was held in reserve. A part of Longstreets Corps were encountered. The rebel army is retreated into. Chester & Thornton's Gaps. and will it is said make a stand at Culpeper. Over 1000 head of Cattle & sheep captured from the rebels today by Buford Since our return to Virginia we have lived on nothing but "Hog"s & "sheep" our guard alone have killed five of the former and three of the latter. These cattle were being marched in the rear of Lee's army and were all brought from Penn. The weather is quite fine and roads good. Col. De Forrest is at present in command of the Brigade

75 Warrenton Junction Va July 31st 1863 Left camp at Amosville at 6. o'ck this morning, having been relieved by Gregg's (2d Div) Forded the Rapp- ahannock at 8. o'ck and arrived at Warrenton at 2. and this place at 5. P.M. Passed en-route the 6th 1st & 3d Corps. Several Brigades have left the army for N.Y. City to preserve order during the coming draft. Weather fine. Warrenton Junction August 10th H'd Q'rs of the Brig still remain at this place although the different regts are out on duty. the 1st Va & 18th Pa. are at Stafford C.H. the 1st Vt and 5th N.Y. at Hartwood Church and United States ford. The county about those places is infested with Guerillas and all citizens living inside the lines are required to take the oath of allegiance or go to Washington

76 for confinement in the old Capitol prison. The weather at present is intensely hot and pail fruit is fast getting ripe - H'd Q'rs 1st Brig 3d Div I.C. Peters Farm Va Aug 13th Moved to this place yesterday. The Brigade has returned from the front and expect to remain here some time to recruit. The ground is very good for a camp but a poor place for Water which is at present very scarce thro' this sec- tion of the country. Corn fields are on every side and Melon patches in abundance Private R. G. Thompson Co "A" died from sunstroke on the 9th Inst. Private H.E. Bliss wounded at Hagerstown has since died - Weather fine. Col. Sawyer still commands the Brigade. and Lieut Col. Preston the Regt (Evening Report this eve' that we are to leave there tomorrow morning

77 Hartwood Church. Stafford Co Va August 13th 1863. Left Camp at Peters' farm at day- break yesterday and came to this place four miles from U.S. ford and nine miles from Falmouth. - Aug 22d 1863 - Our regt was yesterday transferred to the 2d Brig. (Gen Custer's) Col Sawyer was relieved in command of the 1st Brig. by Col. Davies of the 2d N.Y. Cav which has lately been attached to this Div. The move from the "old Brig" is much regretted and protested against by both officers & men. The Brig ProGaurd [Guard] is broken up and I have to return to my co. in a day or two. Col Davies has been app- ointed Brig Gen. Lt Hall Pro-Mar - since May 1st has been relieved by a Lt in the 1st Virginia Cavaly. Weather splendid and roads never better.

78 Hartwood Church Va Aug 24th Cos. "A." "D." "K" & "M." the 3d Batt. of our regt have this day been de- tatched as body guard for Maj. Gen Sedgwick commanding 6th corps. Our Regt moved camp and joined Mich Brig. to-day Col Sawyer is in command. Aug 25th Division out on reconnonsince in the direction of Falmouth. Gen Kilpatrick in command. Weather much cooler. Was ordered to my regt to day - During the 11 weeks that I have been detatched I have had a very good time and found many new & never to be forgotten acquain- tances. Aug 26th Detailed as Orderly for Col. Sawyer. and went down the picket line with him & Col left. Town 1st Mich Cavaly. Rebels very quiet across the river

79. Aug 29th I'm still acting orderly for the Col. and have a very good time make a trip down the picket line daily and feast on peaches in a fine orchard near Falmouth. Accompanied to day by Col Town 1st Mich. & Col. Grey & Adjt Hale of the 6th Mich Cavally passed along the river from Banks' ford to the "Lacy House" opposite the city of Fredericksburgh. I had a fine view (thro' the Cols glass) of a rebel regt on dress parade near the city Several rebels came across and exchanged papers. with our men. We returned just at dark well pleased with our visit. Aug 30th Passed down picket line. as orderly for the Col. The rebel pickets generally were enjoying life. Some reading papers, some fishing & bathing and others loitering about on the banks of the river. I made a salute to one. which was readily returned.

80 Office Commissary Dept 2d Brig 3d Div I.C. Sept 1st I have this day been detailed in this office as sales and issu- ing clerk, and have a tip-top place but a great amount of business to do. Lieut Joseph H. Bullock 1st Mich Cav. is acting- Brig Commissary and is a fine fellow. Beria Church Va Sept 4th 1864 [1863] Everything is passing off gay and I am getting quite well acquainted with the business Sales to Officers amont [amount] to about $150 per day. I like Lt Bullock very well. Sgt W.F. Rhoades the Issuing Sgt is a splendid fellow also Private A.J. Bennington Brig- Butcher. Base of supplies at present at Warrenton Junction distant some 22 miles. The weather is intensely hot. A move is soon expected -

81 Sept. 12th 1863 On the march across the Rappahann ock river. Gen Kilpatrick engaged with Gen Stewart near Culpeper Brig Gen Custer slightly wounded in the leg Sept 15th 1863 Passed thro' Culpeper and encamped near Raccoon ford Rapid Ann river The 1st Vt Captured two pieces of artilley in the fight of the 12th near Culpeper C.H. Weather very favorable for a fall campaign Our army hold this side of the river and the enemy are in rifle pits just opposite and protected by artillery Gen Custer has gone home on furlough. leaving the Brigade under command of Col. C.H. Town 1st Mich Cav. Orders have been recieved for the train to fall back near Culpeper C.H. Have been down to the 1st Vt found the boys all well.

82 Near Culpeper Oct. 8th 1863. Every thing passing off smoothly I am getting well acquainted and like the business tip-top. Supplies are drawn at present at Culpeper. - Culpeper was once a pretty town surrounded on all sides by lovely scenery and beautiful forests but like all southern towns through which armies have passed it is more or less destroyed. Many of the roofs of fine houses bear marks of the "Yankee" shell. I saw a few days since in the cellar of a large brick house an appaling spectacle. an old man and four year old boy had sought refuge in the bottom of the house during the cannonading but unluckily a shell entered the cellar window and exploding killing them both. Twas a sad and truly heart rending sight and caused many to weep over the sad "fortunes of war."

83. Near Culpeper Octo. 9th This it is the 2d Week we have lain here and still no signs of a move. The regt was paid on the 2d Inst. for July & August. Co "L" just before leaving Falmouth had a slight brush with the Rebels in which private Jewer was killed and six others with Lt Holden Co "C" were captured Private Jno. Henry Co "B" was Killed in the recent ad- vance to this place. - Rappahannock Station Va Octo 11th 1863 - Left Culpeper at 4 o'ck yesterday and after a night's and day's hard marching find ourselves finally ac- ross the Rappahannock again going northward. The move was very unex- pected and no one knows what it is for. Passed the Vermont Brigade about noon to day. Report says the rebel army are already in position on the plains for Manassas.

84 Brentsville Va Oct. 16th 1863. A heavy Battle is going on at Bialton Bristow and near Catlett Station Gen Warren with the 2d Corps is hotly engaged with Ewells corps of the Rebel army The trains of the whole army are concentrated at this place and are moving toward Wolf Run Shoals & Fairfax Station. Meade's whole army is falling back. Our Cavaly had a very sharp engagement at Brandy Station in which the 1st Vt lost heavily Capt's Beeman Schofield & Adams. Maj. Hall and Lieut Hyde are prisoners. Fairfax C.H. Va Octo. 17th Arrived here at daylight this morning and are parked just out of town on the Alexandria pike. Things look very much as they did when we left here in June last. Corcoran's "Irish Legion" and a few other troops occupy the place. Gen Warren cap- tured in his engagement last Eve.

85. five pieces of Cannon and five hundred prisoners. Our retreat from Culpeper occupied five days. The army is in line from Chantilly to Bull Run and a battle is hourly looked for. Oct 19th Rebel army on the retreat. Meade closly persuing. The Rail Road from the Rappahannock to near Cutlett Station has been totally and effectually destroyed and the cost of rebuilding is estimated at one million of dollars. Rails are heated and completely wound 'round trees & posts. all ties &c are burned up. and the culverts des- troyed cuts thro' hills are completely filled up. &c &c, Gainsville Fauquier Co Va Oct 21st 1863 - Arrived at this place yesterday A.M. The rebels are still on the retreat but as such havoc was made with the R.R. Meade cannot persue until it can be rebuilt

86. Our Div. were engaged yesterday at Buck- lands Mills. and lost quite heavily. one Battallion of the 5th Mich under Maj. Clark were all taken pris- oners. Col. Sawyer is in command of the Brig. Oct. 27th Private Weber arrived from Washington and I shall go in to-morrow. Alexandria Va Oct 28th Rode from Gainsville to this place in five hours on horse back and through a county much infested by Guerillas - passing over the old Bull Run field - Washington Nov. 1st 1863. Intend going to front to day. Have had a good time here. Attended Theatre last evening play "Fanchon" the cricket. My favorite actress "Maggie" Mitchell personating fanchon. Everything lively in the city and business very brisk. sat for my picture to day at Plumb, Gall. Penn. Avenue

87. Wahington D.C. Nov 2d Am going out today. Attended Groom's Theatre last evening. Play. The "Coleen Bawn." The Florences & Miss Susen Devine are in the play. A. J. Bennington & Sgt W.F. Rhoades are with me but are not to be found this A.M. Catlett Station Va Nov. 3d 1863. Arrived here at daybreak this A.M. had a bad time getting through was persued by Guerillas from Gainsville whither I had gone to find the Div. which moved to this place of the 31st Inst. After riding all night nearly killing my horse which was on a run for over four hours I found the road to this place and at 3 o'ck came onto the pickets of the "Excelsior" Brig. I have great reason to be thankful that I had so narrow an escape which was owing to the darkness of the night & some kind ladies

88. at Greenwich who give me much in formation and directed me to the Cavalry Camp. Nov. 4th 1863. A telegram has just been rec'd from Fairfax C.H. announcing the sad fact that Sgt Rhoades had been killed & private Bennington cap- tured by Masely's [Moseby's] Guerillas near Centreville. They had taken the same route over which I passed yesterday. Nov. 6th Orders to move at daylight to day on the road to Kelly's ford. Nov. 7th Grand advance of the whole army a battle at Rapp. Station & Kelly's ford Gen's French & Sedgwick with the 3d & 6th Corps. Captured 1700 pris- oners & 11 pieces of Artillery. Every thing going on favorably. railroad completed to Bratton. and supplies fast coming up. Meade will occupy

89. Culpeper to-morrow. Nov. 8th Still advancing. encamped at Grove church. Nov. 9th Crossed the ford. Nov 10th Moved to Stephensburgh where Gen. Kilpatrick has his H'd Q'rs Stephensburgh is a small town laying distant four miles from Culpeper and near the foot of Mountain Pony. Stewarts rebel Cavaly encamped here last winter. It is reported that we are to go into winter Quarters at this place. Have our Office and Am Dept in a grist mill on Mountain run owned by Coleman Shackelford Esq The weather is quite cold. The 2d Corls (Gen Warren) has gone into Quarters and are building huts near here. on a hill -

90 Stephensburgh Va Nov. 18th 1863 Maj. Nicole Paymaster U.S.A. paid off our Regt to day Rec'd $1340 for clothing not drawn during the year. Our Brig are picketing in the Rapid Ann. Del's from each regt ordered home to recruit - Brig. Gen Kilpatrick ordered to Washington. Gen Custer Comd'g Div. and Col. Town. Comd'g Brig. Lieut E.B. Edwards has been promoted to Capt & Sgt H.O. Wheeler to 1st Lieut. Col. Sawyer detailed with 15 men on recruiting service in Vt. Stephensburgh Nov. 26th The army is again on the move. Gen's Meade & Pleasanton have just past. We are loading train with eight days rations. Nov. 27th Lying in a field near Ely's Ford Rapidan river. Heavy fighting going on in the vicinity of Mine Run. Custer with our Div is holding

91. Mortons Ford. The firing of musketry at this time (4 P.M.) is rapid & heavy the 6th Corps is engaged. - On the march to this place every house on the road were burned to the ground. I saw several fine mansions on fire. Nov. 29th Went to Mortons Ford with supplies for Officers. Sold upwards of 150 dollasworth of supplies in less than two hours. and [returned] at dark making a trip of 22 miles. - Church at Richardville Dec. 2d 1863. Moved back to this place last evening The army is falling back We have Quarters in a large church - Meade has failed to Carry the enemys works and being out of rations & forage has been compelled to fall back

92 Brandy Station Va Dec. 3d Spent the night very coldly in the woods being minus my Blankets. Came on to this place to- day and are to return to our old Quarters at Stephensburgh. The army is to go into Winter Quarters near this place. Trains are arriving from Washington with forage and supp- lies. - Stephensburgh Dec. 5th Are comfortably situated having returned to our old place in the mill The old miller is highly gratified at our return. Stephensburgh Dec. 16th Slight snow storm. Weather cold and chilly. Army all settling down in good Quarters Dec. 25th Christmas day. Great "old drunk" in the evening, at the mill -

93. Lt Bullock. about to leave with his regt Gave a. grand entertainment Mill pond frozen and a high old time generally. Stephensburgh Va Dec. 27. Lt. J.H. Bullock relieved this day By Lt M. H. Wooster Regt commissary 1st Vt Cav. Januay 2d 1864. New Year's day passed very quietly, have made arrangements to stay with Lt Wooster at present. But do not like him as well as Lt Bullok. The 1st Mich Cavaly reenlisted has just passed here going Weather cold ground frozen. Base of supplies Brandy Station Rations very good at present Soft Bread issued three days out of five. also full Rations of D'd Apples Potatoes, Turnips, Pepper &c. &c &c.

94 Stephnsburgh Januy 27th 1864 We are at present having some very fine weather as warm as May - Four Hundred recruits for our regt have arrived in Camp. The rebels along the picket line are deserting by scores at every oppor- tunity afforded - Lt Col. Preston is in command of the Brigade in the absence of Gen. Custer gone home to marry - Some 150. of our regt having reenlisted have gone home on a 35. day furlough. among them are Sgts Barber & Atchison and privates Hall, Bushway [Bushaway] Warner & Keese from my Co. Private G. Weber is confined at army H'd Q'rs for altering a pass in Washington. It is reported that he is to be tried by Court Martial. - The army have completed all their huts and are enjoying life hugely -

95. Stephensburgh Va Sunday Feby 7th 1864. No business being done to day I have amused myself reading a very interesting work by Edmond Kirke entitled "Among the Pines" Part of the army are on the move The 2d Corps moved yesterday and it is reported that 2 Divisions crossed the river Kilpatrick left last evening and two Divisions of the 3d Corps have just gone past. The weather is fine. Heavy Cannonading is going on across the river in the direction of Mortons Ford. Warren with the 2d Corps are attempting to cross the. river. Monday Feb 8th Army returning to quarters. The move only a "reconnoisance in force" The 2d Corps. lost quite heavily in the fight. Weather still continu[e]s fine. with now & then a slight rain storm -

96. Februay 16th 1864. Brother Frank arrived from Vermont. Enlisted in Co "L." Looking tough and hearty. Brought me several pres- ents from home including a pair of fine slippers made by Miss. Neibie L. Witherill. Feby 17th Coldest day of the winter have sat by the stove all day enjoying a game of Backgammon with Sgt L.H. King 1st Vt Cav. Frank staid with me last night. Feby 18th Weather still quite cold Hav'nt done much at the desk for the past two days. Mme Jno Winters our Brig Butchers wife. Called on us today she is a fine looking woman. Everything quiet in the army. All the recruits for our regt have very comfortable quarters and are getting on finely They are a good looking set of men -

97. Sunday Feby 21st 1864. Last evening I had the pleasure of attending the dedication of the 3d Cav Div hall. in Stephensburgh. Speeches were made by Senators Howard & Chandler of Mich & Ramsey & Wilkinson of Minn. also by Rep. Kellogg of Mich and Brig Gen Kilpatrick. The Gen is a splendid speaker and brought down the house wi[th] some glowing remarks made to the ladies of whom many were present. After the speaking an entertainment was given by a band of "Negro" Minstrels from this Div. under the supervision of Capt Wm H. Perkins Ordnance Officer on the Gen's Staff. A grand supper of the Gen's concluded the entertain- ment. - To day I rode over to the 6th Corps and visited the Vt Brig - had a good time with Lt Bowker of the 3d & Sgt Maj. Henry Newton 5th Vt

98 Stephensburgh Va Feby 23d A grand review of the 2d Corps took place today. Pres. Lincoln and Cabinet were present Our Regt paid to day for Nov. & Decembr A grand ball came off at the 2d Corps H'd Qrs last evening Capt. H.C. Parsons Co "L" has resigned and lately left for home Lt Jno W. Newton has been promoted to Capt. of the Co. & Lt Watson 1st Lt. Lt Ebin Grant Co "I" has been promoted to Capt. vice Grant. resigned - Sgt W. J. Clark Co "G" has been promoted to 2d Lieut. & Sgt Emmit Mather Co "H" to 1st Lt. Private M.A. Stone to 2d Lt in Co "M" Weather quite cold and windy. Feby 25th Capt J.W. Newton Co "L" has resigned and bade his company farewell to day

99. Sunday Feby 28th 1864. Gen Kilpatrick left here to day on a raid with two Divisions of Cav. Bro. Frank went with his company - March 2d 1864 Passed one of the sickest days of my life. Have taken cold and sett- led in my back am so weak I cannot stand up long at a time My throat is so sore I can eat but a very little. March 3d 64 Am feeling somewhat better to day - have been taking medicine Weather warm & very peasant March 4th Kilpatrick's Expedition has arrived at Yorktown on the Peninsula he having failed to take Richmond owing to a delay of Gen Butler in Cooperating with his force and the treachery of a negro guide who was hung in sight of the rebel capitol. Kilpatrick lost about 250 men including the gallent Col. Dalgren Killed. Col. Lichfind a prisoner &c.

100 Bramley Station Va March 6th 64. Paid a visit to the 6th Corps near this place. passed by the residence of the Hon Jno. Minor Botts and saw his daughters. March 7th Kilpatrick lying at Williamsburgh. No news. Weather lovely - March 9th Weather splendid Robins singing in great glee about the old mill - May [March] 10. Lieut Gen Grant visited Gen Meade at Brandy Station. Rained all day May [March] 17th St Patricks day. Grand celebration at Gen Custers H'd Q'rs by the Irish Brig of the 2d Corps. Horse & Hurdle ra- cing. Boxing. climbing greased poles &c. the order of the day Gen's Hayes Caldwell & Kilpatrick present also over two hundred ladies at present visiting friends in the army.

101. Stephensburgh Mar 18, 1864 Brig Gen Kilpatricks Div returned from great raid around Richmond having been gone twenty days. Men & Horses looking very weary. - March 22d 64 Snow has fallen to the depth of (8) eight inches on a level - March 24th Lt Gen Grant established H'd Q'rs at Culpeper C.H. March 25th Snow all gone and heavy rain falling roads in a very bad condition Water in streams very high. March 27th Weather changed. Warm and very pleasant. Sales of whisky in this Brig. suspended by Gen Kilpatrick Col. E. B. Sawyer gone home on furlough. Part of the army rev- iewed by Lt Gen Grant Gen Meade and others. Gen Hancock assumed command of 2d Corps.

102 March 29th 1864. A heavy rain storm sweeping every- thing away including bridges &c. March 30th Lt Col. A. W. Preston commanding Brig. being the ranking officer pres- ent. Review by Gen Grant of the 1st and 5th Corps. Generals French of the 3rd Corps. Gen Sykes of the 5th Corps. Gen. Newton 1st Corps. together with Brig Gen's Caldwell Kenley & Spinola also Maj. Gen Pleasanton of the Cav Corps have been relieved from duty in this army and assigned to other commands The whole army has been consolidated into three corps Commanded by Gen's Warren Sedgwick & Hancock. Gen Burnside's 9th Corps is rendes- vouing at Annapolis Md. The 3d and 1st Corps are broken-up. Rumor says that Gen Kilpatrick's to be relieved and sent west

103. March. 31st 1864. In footing up the "sales to officers" of this Brig. during the present month. I just sold over 3.20 gallons of whisky. and more than 190. Bushels of potatoes. the total sales amount to about 2000. dollars April 1st All fools day. rainy in the afternoon. regt paid for Jany. & Feby by Maj. Nichols. Paymaster U.S.A. April 2d A drizzling storm of snow and rain very disagreeable. - April 4th A storm of rain set in this P.M. and at 8 o'ck this eve. Still con- tinues the rain falling in great quantities and making the roads almost impassible. no movement of the army can at present take place. Every thing quit [quiet] on the Rapidann

104 Stephensburgh April 5th Rain still Continues to fall. All bridges &c swept away and water in streams rising very fast - April 9th Heavy rain storm. Bridges all gone. No communication with Washington by Rail Road - April 10th Several men narrowly escaped drowning in attempting to ford the river at this place to day. one was saved by the exertions of Capt G. W. Wells H.Q. M. who procured a rope which was thrown to him - April 11th 1864. Capt. Chas Brewster Commissay of Subsistance arrived from Washingtn to day and is to relieve Lieut Mark H. Wooster acting since the 29th Jany. Lt Wooster is to re- turn to the regt as regtl Commissay -

105. Stephensburgh Va April 12th Lt. Wooster turned over stores to day to Capt C.Brewster C.S. The Brig since their return from the raid have been enjoying life largely laying in camp by the fire. and doing but little duty along the river. The horses are fast recruiting up and will be ready to take part in the first great Campaign. Brig Gen Custer has returned and taken command of the Brig. The weather is fine. April 15th News of disaster at Fort Pillow Tenn 300 Negroes murdered in cold blood by the Rebel Gen Forrest's com- mand. Sunday 17th Gen Wilson assumes command of this Div to day. relieving Gen Kilp- atrick. Much to the dissatisfaction of the whole Div. Men & Officers - .

106 Since the 28th day of June last the Gen has successfully led the Div in many a hard fight and for a dash, his equal is not in this army He goes west and commands the Cavaly under Gen Sherman. Brig Gen Wilson has just been appointed to a Brigadiership. he being one of Grants "pets" he is not considered very smart. Our Brig with Gen Custer is assigned to the 1st Div. formerly commanded by the lamented Gen. Buford. and is to be the 1st Brig. 1st Div C.C. - April 19th 1864 Moved camp to day to Mr. Flints farm two miles from Culpeper C.H. and joined the 1st Div. Commanded by Brig Gen Torbert. formerly com- manding a Brig of the 1st Corps. Maj. Gen Sheridan of the Cumberland army is at present commanding the Cav- Corps of this army -

107. April 21st 1864. Flints Farm Va Cos. A.D. & K. returned to regt from Sixth Corps Head Quarters. Boys all looking well. Capt. Edwards in command of company. April 27th The 1st Vermont Cavy. ordered back to 3d Div. under Col. Chapman of the 3d Indiana Cavy. commanding 2d Brig. 3d Div C.C. Officers and men very indignant. Brig Gen Custer has gone to the War Dept. at Was- hington with a protest signed by all the officers in the regt who protest against leaving the Brig. It is reported that the charge is to be only temporary. - Thursday April 28th News rec'd of disaster in North Carolina, Brig Gen Wessels with twenty-five hundred men surren- der to gen Pickett of the rebel army - the town of Plymouth and its garrison

108 Flints Farm Near Culpeper Va April 30th 1864 Quarter Master Sgt H.E. Brainerd promoted to Quarter Master. vice Lt Sabin promoted to Capt & H.Q.M. Vols. Orderly Sgt. H.B. Mitchell Co "D." promoted to 2d Lt. Co "I." Regt non members 673. new for duty exclusive of Co "M" at Gen Hancocks H'd Q'rs 2d Corls. - The men are mostly mounted and the regt in a good condition for the coming cam- paign - Weather quite chilly - Sunday May 1st 1864. Paid a visit to the regt at Stephensburgh. They are at present Brigaded with the 8th N.Y. 8th Ill. & 3d Indiana regts formerly the 1st Brig 1st Div and one of the best cavaly brigades in the army. The 8th N.Y. was formerly com- manded by the lamented Col.

109. Davis. killed at Kelley's Ford. The 8th Ill was commanded by Col. Farnsworth our Brigadier killed at Gettysburgh and under him was one of the Cav'y regts which cut their way out at the trial of the surrender of Harpers. Ferry by Col. Miles. in 1862. - Col Sawyer of our regt has finally much to the joy of the regt resigned and gone home. He is fit for a commander of House gaurds per but a poor man with a regt of Cavaly on a battle field. He has comman- ded the regt a year & a half and has never been with them in more than two en- gagements. Lt Col. Preston one of the most brave & dashing Cav'y officers in the army is to be made Col. he has distingui- shed himself on many a hard fougt [fought] field and was wounded at.

110. Ashbys Gap. in Sept. 1862. Monday May 2d Terrible storm in afternoon Wind sweeping everything be- fore it Orders issued to draw ten days rations immediatly. Tuesday May 3d Order's rec'd at sundown to be ready to move at daylight to- morrow. morning - The spring cam- paign under the Victories Grant is about to commence and I am about to wind up this book. and in No 3 will tell you of our victory or - defeat Respy C.H. Blinn C.H Blinn The End. - [image]